Analisis kualitas perairan Sungai Kampili, Kabupaten Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan menggunakan metode biotilik
Keywords:
Biotilik Index, River Water Quality, Macroinvertebrates, Kampili River, EPT Taxa
Abstract
River ecosystem quality can be assessed through macroinvertebrate communities, as different taxa have different levels of sensitivity to pollution. The Kampili River in Gowa Regency is under anthropogenic pressure from surrounding domestic and agricultural activities. This study aimed to evaluate the water quality of the Kampili River based on macroinvertebrate composition and abundance using the Biotilik Index. The study was conducted in February 2024, with macroinvertebrate samples collected along the river. The organisms were identified to the family level and analyzed based on abundance percentages and the Biotilik Index (X/N). Hydropsychidae was the most abundant family, followed by Mesovellidae and Ephemerellidae. Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, and Trichoptera (EPT) accounted for 53.19% of the total abundance, indicating relatively good ecological conditions. The Biotilik Index value of 3.11 indicated light pollution, with 47 individuals recorded. These results suggest early changes in ecological conditions associated with anthropogenic pressure. Regular water quality monitoring, waste management, environmentally friendly agricultural practices, and riparian vegetation protection are needed to maintain the condition of the Kampili River ecosystem.
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References
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Akbar A, Tjoneng A and Saida S. 2021. Analisis indeks bahaya erosi DAS Kampili Provinsi Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal AGrotekMAS 2(3):68–75. https://doi.org/10.33096/agrotekmas.v2i3.215.
Armita D, Al Amanah H and Amrullah SH. 2021. Struktur komunitas makrozoobentos pada Saluran Mata Air Langlang dengan vegetasi riparian yang berbeda di Desa Ngenep, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Teknosains: Media Informasi Sains dan Teknologi 15(2):181–189. https://doi.org/10.24252/teknosains.v15i2.19520.
Burnett KAP, Mcmahan W and Tuberty S. 2024. Small scale wastewater treatment plant effluent influences on aquatic macroinvertebrate assemblage, functional feeding groups, and productivity. Watershed Ecology and the Environment 6:234–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wsee.2024.10.002.
Damanik-Ambarita MN, Lock K, Boets P, Everaert G, Nguyen THT, Forio MAE, Musonge PLS, Suhareva N, Bennetsen E, Landuyt D, Dominguez-Granda L and Goethals PLM. 2016. Ecological water quality analysis of the Guayas River Basin (Ecuador) based on macroinvertebrates indices. Limnologica 57:27–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2016.01.001.
Diantari NPR, Ahyadi H, Rohyani IS and Suana IW. 2017. Keanekaragaman serangga Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, dan Trichoptera sebagai bioindikator kualitas perairan di Sungai Jangkok, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia 14(3):135–142. https://doi.org/10.5994/jei.14.3.135.
[ECOTON] Ecological Observation and Wetlands Conservation. 2013. Panduan Biotilik Pemantauan Kesehatan Sungai, Panduan Biotilik Untuk Pemantauan Kesehatan Daerah Aliran Sungai. ECOTON. Gresik.
Elfami MR and Efendy M. 2020. Struktur komunitas makrozoobentos epifauna pada ekosistem lamun, mangrove dan terumbu karang di Desa Labuhan Kecamatan Sepulu Bangkalan. Juvenil 1(2):260–268. https://doi.org/10.21107/juvenil.v1i2.8446.
Frost C, Tibby J and Goonan P. 2024. Responses of diatoms and aquatic macroinvertebrates to deposited fine sediment in mesocosm channels as a basis for a new water quality guideline. Science of the Total Environment 955:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176931.
Ibrahim A, Sudarso J, Imroatushshoolikhah I, Toruan RL and Sari L. 2021. Penggunaan makrozoobentos dalam penilaian kualitas perairan sungai inlet Danau Maninjau, Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan 19(3):649–660. https://doi.org/10.14710/jil.19.3.649-660.
Kadim MK, Pasisingi N, Mursalim P and Arbi IR. 2024. Komunitas makrozoobentos sebagai bioindikator kualitas perairan Sungai Bone Gorontalo. Acta Aquatica 11(3):278–284. https://doi.org/10.29103/aa.v11i3.16439.
Kadim MK and Pasisingi N. 2024. Kondisi habitat fisik dan keanekaragaman makroinvertebrata sebagai indikator pencemaran di Sungai Bone Gorontalo. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 23(3):301–310. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.23.3.301-310.
Kadim MK, Pasisingi N, Polamolo AI and Maharani SA. 2025. Keberadaan Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera (EPT) sebagai bioindikator pencemaran di Sungai Bone Gorontalo. Jurnal Sumberdaya Akuatik Indopasifik 9(2):153–164. https://doi.org/10.46252/jsai-fpik-unipa.2025.Vol.9.No.2.445.
Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehutanan. 2022. Status Lingkungan Hidup Indonesia 2022. Jakarta: KLHK.
Kouwen LAH van, Lee GHD van der, Kraak MHS and Verdonschot PFM. 2025. An empirically derived riparian forest preference index for lowland stream macroinvertebrates. Ecological Indicators 175:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2025.113547.
Kowalik T, Bogdał A, Borek Ł and Kogut A. 2015. The effect of treated sewage outflow from a modernized sewage treatment plant on water quality of the Breń River. Journal of Ecological Engineering 16(4):96–102. https://doi.org/10.12911/22998993/59355.
Kubendran T, Selvakumar C, Sidhu AK, Nair A and Krishnan SM. 2017. Baetidae (Ephemeroptera: Insecta) as biological indicators of environmental degradation in Tamiraparani and Vaigai River Basins of Southern Western Ghats, India. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 6(6):558–572. https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2017.606.066.
Li P, Xiong S, Liu J, Meng X and Wang A. 2025. Spatiotemporal characteristics of macroinvertebrate functional feeding groups and biological assessment of water quality in the Hulan River Basin. Global Ecology and Conservation 57:1–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2024.e03377.
Il Maknuun LL, Krisanti M and Wardiatno Y. 2021. Sensitivitas dan kelayakan indeks biotik menggunakan makroavertebrata untuk menentukan status kesehatan sungai. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26(1):151–158. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.1.151.
Mendoza SS, Morse JC and Magbanua FS. 2025. Macroinvertebrate responses to stream water quality and the proposed biological monitoring working party index for the Philippines. Water Biology and Security:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watbs.2025.100465.
Reymundo JIS and Araujo AAH. 2016. Spatial distribution of Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera, Trichoptera and Coleoptera (Insect) in afirst order stream, montane forest, Junín, Peru. Revista peruana de biología 23(2): 95-102
Robbi AA, Munfarida I, Oktorina S, Suprayogi D dan Setyowati RDN. 2024. Pemantauan makroinvertebrata sebagai bioindikator dan uji parameter fisik‑kimia air pada Sungai Tambak Rejo, Sidoarjo. Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Lingkungan 16(1):21–42. https://doi.org/10.20885/jstl.vol16.iss1.art3.
Sahdana S, Musa R, Mallombasi A and Latif AA. 2022. Studi pemeliharaan jaringan pada Daerah Irigasi Kampili Kabupaten Gowa. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Teknik Sipil 4(2):267–273. https://doi.org/10.33096/xh8b8f34.
Sukmawati, Dahlan M and Dela R. 2021. Analisa pencemaran Sungai Mandar dengan bioindikator makroinvertebrata melalui metode biotilik. Bina Generasi: Jurnal Kesehatan 12(2):48–52. https://doi.org/10.35907/bgjk.v12i2.165.
Sulistiyowati E, Awaliyah DF and Uyun S. 2024. Penilaian kesehatan sungai menggunakan metode biotik dan fisik di Sungai Boyong, Sleman, Yogyakarta. Jurnal Kesehatan Lingkungan Indonesia 23(2):162–169. https://doi.org/10.14710/jkli.23.2.162-169.
Tubić B, Andjus S, Zorić K, Vasiljević B, Jovičić K, Atlagić JČ and Paunović M. 2024. Aquatic insects (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) metric as an important tool in water quality assessment in hilly and mountain streams. Water 16:1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16060849.
Yudistira R, Prawati E and Rolia E. 2023. Inovasi penilaian kualitas air sungai berbasis kondisi makroinvertebrata menggunakan formula DYTERAasDAS. JUMATISI 4(2):318–331. https://doi.org/10.24127/jumatisi.v4i2.5209.
Published
2026-08-29
How to Cite
Azizah, W., Armita, D., & Hernawati, A. (2026). Analisis kualitas perairan Sungai Kampili, Kabupaten Gowa, Sulawesi Selatan menggunakan metode biotilik. Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management), 10(2), 142-156. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36813/jplb.10.2.142-156
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