Life cycle assessment (LCA) kegiatan bank sampah di pedesaan (Bank Sampah Asoka Berseri, Desa Sokosari, Tuban)
Kata Kunci:
LCA, bank sampah, pedesaan
Abstrak
Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) adalah salah satu cara yang dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi sistem pengelolaan sampah berdasarkan nilai potensi dampak yang dihasilkan. Bank Sampah Asoka Berseri di Kabupaten Tuban merupakan salah satu contoh unit pengolah sampah yang bertujuan untuk mengurangi potensi dampak dari timbulan sampah secara kualitas maupun kuantitas di wilayah pedesaan. Tujuan studi ini adalah menghitung dan mengevaluasi potensi dampak lingkungan yang dihasilkan dari program bank sampah, kemudian dibandingkan dengan penanganan sampah konvensional yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan berdasarkan CML Baseline v4.4 dan 14000 standar ISO, meliputi goal and scope, life cycle inventory (LCI), life cycle impact assessment (LCIA) dan interpretasi. Simulasi LCA dilakukan dengan Software OpenLCA untuk menghitung nilai potensi dampak dari setiap kilogram sampah yang dihasilkan. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi, setiap 1 kg sampah yang dikelola oleh bank sampah menghasilkan potensi dampak pemanasan global lebih rendah (6,395 kg CO2 eq.) dibandingkan dengan penimbunan (13,057 kg CO2 eq.) dan pembakaran (10,850 kg CO2 eq.). Pengolahan sampah lebih lanjut menjadi RDF dan kompos di bank sampah berpotensi menghasilkan dampak lingkungan lebih rendah dan menambah pendapatan masyarakat.
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Referensi
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Achinas S and Euverink GJW. 2016. Theoretical analysis of biogas potential prediction from agricultural waste. Resource-Efficient Technologies 2(3):143–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reffit.2016.08.001.
Al-Rumaihi A, McKay G, Mackey HR and Al-Ansari T. 2020. Environmental impact assessment of food waste management using two composting techniques. Sustainability 12(4):1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041595.
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Bailie RC, Everett JW, Liptak BG, Liu DHF, Rugg FM and Switzenbaum MS. 1999. Solid Waste. CRC Press. Boca Raton.
Bernstad A, Jansen JLC and Aspegren H. 2011. Life cycle assessment of a household solid waste source separation programme: a Swedish case study. Waste Management & Research 29(10):1027-1042. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X11406170.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Tuban. 2019. Kecamatan Soko dalam angka 2019. BPS Kabupaten Tuban. Tuban.
Budihardjo MA, Wahyuningrum IFS, Muhammad FI and Pardede R. 2019. The role of waste banks in the reduction of solid waste sent to landfill in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 337 012028. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/337/1/012028.
Caputo AC and Pelagagge PM. 2002. RDF production plants: I design and costs. Applied Thermal Engineering 22(4):423-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S1359-4311(01)00100-4.
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Liamsanguan C and Gheewala SH. 2008. LCA: a decision support tool for environmental assessment of MSW management systems. Journal of Environmental Management 87(1):132-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jenvman.2007.01.003.
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Saheri S, Mir MA, Basri NEA, Mahmood NZB and Begum RA. 2012. Life cycle assessment for solid waste disposal options in Malaysia. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 21(5):1377-1382.
Suardi LR, Gunawan B, Arifin M and Iskandar J. 2018. A review of solid waste management in waste bank activity problems. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 3(4):1518-1526. https://doi. org/10.22161/ijeab/3.4.49.
Tchobanoglous G and Kreith F. 2019. Handbook of solid waste management 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill Companies. New York.
Ummatin KK, Wiratno SE, Nurminasih S, Rahmat A and Faria N. 2019. Prastudi kelayakan pembangunan RDF Plant di Kabupaten Tuban [internet]. Tersedia di: http://sippa.ciptakarya.pu.go.id/sippa_online/ws_file/doku men_usulan/ded/ded_d39173d85b99ec13bd3b325d33103f03117c25ad.pdf.
Verma R, Vinoda KS, Papireddy M and Gowda ANS. 2016. Toxic pollutants from plastic waste- a review. Procedia Environmental Sciences 35:701-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.069.
Warmadewanthi and Haqq M. 2019. Implementation of waste banks for reduction of solid waste in South Surabaya. MATEC Web of Conferences 276 06021. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927606021.
Wijayanti DR and Suryani S. 2015. Waste bank as community-based environmental governance: a lesson learned from Surabaya. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 184:171-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.sbspro.2015.05.077.
Wulandari D, Utomo SH and Narmaditya BS. 2017. Waste bank: waste management model in improving local economy. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 7(3):36-41.
Xin C, Zhang T, Tsai SB, Zhai YM and Wang J. 2020. An empirical study on greenhouse gas emission calculations under different municipal solid waste management strategies. Applied Sciences 10(5):1-23. https://doi. org/10.3390/app10051673.
Abeliotis K. 2011. Life cycle assessment in municipal solid waste management. In: Kumar S. Integrated Waste Management Vol. I. IntechOpen. London. https://doi.org/10.5772/698.
Achinas S and Euverink GJW. 2016. Theoretical analysis of biogas potential prediction from agricultural waste. Resource-Efficient Technologies 2(3):143–147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reffit.2016.08.001.
Al-Rumaihi A, McKay G, Mackey HR and Al-Ansari T. 2020. Environmental impact assessment of food waste management using two composting techniques. Sustainability 12(4):1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12041595.
Babu GLS, Lakshmikanthan P and Santhosh LG. 2014. Life cycle analysis of municipal solid waste (MSW) land disposal options in Bangalore City [Proceeding]. International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure 2014 795-806. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784478745.075.
Bailie RC, Everett JW, Liptak BG, Liu DHF, Rugg FM and Switzenbaum MS. 1999. Solid Waste. CRC Press. Boca Raton.
Bernstad A, Jansen JLC and Aspegren H. 2011. Life cycle assessment of a household solid waste source separation programme: a Swedish case study. Waste Management & Research 29(10):1027-1042. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X11406170.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Tuban. 2019. Kecamatan Soko dalam angka 2019. BPS Kabupaten Tuban. Tuban.
Budihardjo MA, Wahyuningrum IFS, Muhammad FI and Pardede R. 2019. The role of waste banks in the reduction of solid waste sent to landfill in Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 337 012028. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/337/1/012028.
Caputo AC and Pelagagge PM. 2002. RDF production plants: I design and costs. Applied Thermal Engineering 22(4):423-437. https://doi.org/10.1016/ S1359-4311(01)00100-4.
[EPA] Environmental Protection Agency. 2001. Emission inventory improvement program [internet]. Tersedia di: https://www.epa.gov/sites /production/files/2015-08/documents/i01.pdf.
Faaij APC. 2004. Biomass combustion. Encyclopedia of Energy 1:175-191. https://doi.org/10.1016/B0-12-176480-X/00355-7.
[IPCC] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 1998. Good practice guidance and uncertainty management in national greenhouse gas inventories. IGES. Hayama.
[IPCC] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. 2006. 2006 IPCC guidelines for national greenhouse gas inventories volume 5 waste. Eds. National Greenhouse Gas Inventories Programme, Eggleston HS, Buendia L, Miwa K, Ngara T and Tanabe K. IGES. Hayama.
Kadir AA, Azhari NW and Jamaludin SN. 2016. An overview of organic waste in composting. MATEC Web of Conferences 47 05025: https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20164705025.
[Kementerian ESDM] Kementerian Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral. 2016. Faktor emisi GRK sistem interkoneksi tenaga listrik tahun 2016 [internet]. Tersedia di: http://jcm.ekon.go.id/en/uploads/files/DocumentJCM/Rules&Guidelines/Emission_Factor_DJK_ESDM_2016.pdf.
Komilis D and Athiniotou A. 2014. A water budget model for operating landfills: an application in Greece. Waste Management & Research 32(8):717-725. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734242X14545505.
Liamsanguan C and Gheewala SH. 2008. LCA: a decision support tool for environmental assessment of MSW management systems. Journal of Environmental Management 87(1):132-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jenvman.2007.01.003.
Luong ND, Giang HM, Thanh BX and Hung NT. 2013. Challenges for municipal solid waste management practices in Vietnam. Waste Technology 1(1):17-21. https://doi.org/10.12777/wastech.1.1.2013.17-21.
Magazzino C, Mele M and Schneider N. 2020.The relationship between municipal solid waste and greenhouse gas emissions: evidence from Switzerland. Waste Management 113:508-520. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman. 2020.05.033.
Pambudi YS, Purnama Y, Dwijendra NKA, Kholifah S and Caniago A. 2020. The effect of internal factors on the improvement of the role of the community and quality of waste bank management “Mekar Asri” in RT. 5 RW. XVI, Mojosongo Sub-District, Surakarta City, Indonesia. Test Engineering and Management 82:14695-14703.
Phyllis2. 2020. Database for the physico-chemical composition of (treated) lignocellulosic biomass, micro- and macroalgae, various feedstocks for biogas production and biochar [internet]. Tersedia di: https://phyllis.nl/ Browse/Standard/ECN-Phyllis.
PT Power Machine International. 2020. Shredder machine V600 single shaft [internet]. Tersedia di: https://www.powermachineint.com/mesin-shredder-plastik.
Saheri S, Mir MA, Basri NEA, Mahmood NZB and Begum RA. 2012. Life cycle assessment for solid waste disposal options in Malaysia. Polish Journal of Environmental Studies 21(5):1377-1382.
Suardi LR, Gunawan B, Arifin M and Iskandar J. 2018. A review of solid waste management in waste bank activity problems. International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology 3(4):1518-1526. https://doi. org/10.22161/ijeab/3.4.49.
Tchobanoglous G and Kreith F. 2019. Handbook of solid waste management 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill Companies. New York.
Ummatin KK, Wiratno SE, Nurminasih S, Rahmat A and Faria N. 2019. Prastudi kelayakan pembangunan RDF Plant di Kabupaten Tuban [internet]. Tersedia di: http://sippa.ciptakarya.pu.go.id/sippa_online/ws_file/doku men_usulan/ded/ded_d39173d85b99ec13bd3b325d33103f03117c25ad.pdf.
Verma R, Vinoda KS, Papireddy M and Gowda ANS. 2016. Toxic pollutants from plastic waste- a review. Procedia Environmental Sciences 35:701-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proenv.2016.07.069.
Warmadewanthi and Haqq M. 2019. Implementation of waste banks for reduction of solid waste in South Surabaya. MATEC Web of Conferences 276 06021. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201927606021.
Wijayanti DR and Suryani S. 2015. Waste bank as community-based environmental governance: a lesson learned from Surabaya. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 184:171-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.sbspro.2015.05.077.
Wulandari D, Utomo SH and Narmaditya BS. 2017. Waste bank: waste management model in improving local economy. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy 7(3):36-41.
Xin C, Zhang T, Tsai SB, Zhai YM and Wang J. 2020. An empirical study on greenhouse gas emission calculations under different municipal solid waste management strategies. Applied Sciences 10(5):1-23. https://doi. org/10.3390/app10051673.
Diterbitkan
2021-02-07
##submission.howToCite##
Anasstasia, T., & Azis, M. (2021). Life cycle assessment (LCA) kegiatan bank sampah di pedesaan (Bank Sampah Asoka Berseri, Desa Sokosari, Tuban). Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Berkelanjutan (Journal of Environmental Sustainability Management), 4(3), 537-551. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36813/jplb.4.3.537-551
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